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FILE SYSTEM IN WINDOWS

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  What are File Systems?   file system    is a method and data structure that the operating system uses to control how data is  stored  and retrieved. It  is a structured representation of data and a set of metadata describing the data . It would be impossible for a file with the same name to exist and also impossible to remove installed programs and recover specific files without file management, as well as files would have no organization without a file structure.  The file system enables one  to view a file in the current directory as files are often managed in a hierarchy. Different File Systems in Windows: Microsoft Windows employs two major file systems: NTFS , the primary format most modern versions of this OS use by default. FAT , which was inherited from old DOS and has  exFAT  as its later extension. ReFS  was also introduced by Microsoft as a new generation format for server computers starting from Windows Server 201...
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Internet Routing Protocols

  Overview of Routing Protocols: The purpose of routing protocols is to learn of available routes that exist on the enterprise network, build routing tables and make routing decisions. Some of the most common routing protocols include RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS and BGP. There are two primary routing protocol types although many different routing protocols defined with those two types. Link state and distance vector protocols comprise the primary types. Distance vector protocols  advertise their routing table to all directly connected neighbors at regular frequent intervals using a lot of bandwidth and are slow to converge. When a route becomes unavailable, all router tables must be updated with that new information. The problem is with each router having to advertise that new information to its neighbors, it takes a long time for all routers to have a current accurate view of the network. Distance vector protocols use fixed length subnet masks which aren’t scalable....
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